简体中文 · IPIP-NEO-120 · Research data – מבחן אישיות חמש הגדולות

About the translation

Published translation

Published translators: Zhongyang Xu, Jing Qian, Kunning Chen, Lianxin Zhu, Jianlong Ao.

Source: IPIP-NEO-120.

Other and earlier contributors

Jiangxue Yi

Contributions to earlier questions and/or result texts. These are not the source of the current question translation.

Version used in the statistics

Translation: 578151e07982 · Item bank: c30f08fad2a4

Sample and reliability

Results53

Valid51

Used in analysis51

The 120-item test, current translation and item bank, since 23 October 2026. “Valid” means responses passed the automatic quality filters.

The five personality traits
Trait	Mean ? Mean sum of 24 scored responses. The scale ranges from 24 to 120.	Standard deviation ? Standard deviation describes how scores vary around the mean. Calculated with n − 1 in the denominator.	Cronbach α ? Cronbach’s alpha describes internal consistency: k/(k − 1) × (1 − sum of item variances / total-score variance). k is 24 for traits and 4 for facets. Alpha depends on item count and sample; it does not establish translation quality on its own.
Openness To Experience	79.63	8.84	0.73
Conscientiousness	80.16	13.42	0.91
Extraversion	69.76	13.87	0.9
Agreeableness	84.61	11.29	0.86
Neuroticism	72	11.58	0.85

Trait scores range from 24 to 120. Alpha describes internal consistency in this sample; it does not establish translation quality on its own.

Reliability for all 30 facets

Cronbach’s alpha by facet
Trait	Facet	α ? Cronbach’s alpha describes internal consistency: k/(k − 1) × (1 − sum of item variances / total-score variance). k is 24 for traits and 4 for facets. Alpha depends on item count and sample; it does not establish translation quality on its own.
Openness To Experience	Imagination	0.7
Openness To Experience	Artistic Interests	0.72
Openness To Experience	Emotionality	0.62
Openness To Experience	Adventurousness	0.7
Openness To Experience	Intellect	0.66
Openness To Experience	Liberalism	0.16
Conscientiousness	Self-Efficacy	0.83
Conscientiousness	Orderliness	0.76
Conscientiousness	Dutifulness	0.56
Conscientiousness	Achievement-Striving	0.73
Conscientiousness	Self-Discipline	0.66
Conscientiousness	Cautiousness	0.88
Extraversion	Friendliness	0.77
Extraversion	Gregariousness	0.84
Extraversion	Assertiveness	0.82
Extraversion	Activity Level	0.56
Extraversion	Excitement-Seeking	0.75
Extraversion	Cheerfulness	0.79
Agreeableness	Trust	0.73
Agreeableness	Morality	0.67
Agreeableness	Altruism	0.82
Agreeableness	Cooperation	0.65
Agreeableness	Modesty	0.86
Agreeableness	Sympathy	0.56
Neuroticism	Anxiety	0.83
Neuroticism	Anger	0.88
Neuroticism	Depression	0.71
Neuroticism	Self-Consciousness	0.55
Neuroticism	Immoderation	0.6
Neuroticism	Vulnerability	0.81

Each facet has four statements. Alpha also depends on the number of items and the breadth of what they measure.

Correlations between traits

Pearson’s r describes how traits vary together in the sample: from −1 (opposite directions) to +1 (same direction). A value near 0 means little linear association.

Correlation matrix · Pearson’s r
Trait	Openness To Experience	Conscientiousness	Extraversion	Agreeableness	Neuroticism
Openness To Experience	1	0.1	0.39	0.06	-0.1
Conscientiousness	0.1	1	0.21	0.11	-0.41
Extraversion	0.39	0.21	1	-0.4	-0.45
Agreeableness	0.06	0.11	-0.4	1	0.12
Neuroticism	-0.1	-0.41	-0.45	0.12	1

Correlation does not imply causation. A dash means the value cannot be calculated, for example when everyone has the same score.

The 120 statements

Response options, from left to right: 非常不准确 · 不太准确 · 适中 · 比较准确 · 非常准确

Means use scores from 1 to 5, with reverse-keyed items reversed. r is the correlation with the sum of the other three items in the same facet. Low or negative values invite investigation; they do not prove a translation error.

Responses in analysis · 简体中文: 51
English analysis sample: 1,364
Calculated: 24 Oct 2026, 05:30 UTC
Sample: All valid, complete responses
Download: CSV · Method

Show statements, original wording and statistics

Search both languages or item numberTraitFacetShow highlighted statements only

Showing 120 of 120 statements.

Click Mean or r to sort. Click again to reverse the order, or # for test order. Missing values always appear last.

Statements and statistics
	简体中文	English original	Facet	Scoring	? Mean scored response, from 1 to 5. Reverse-keyed items are reversed before calculation.	? Corrected item–facet correlation: Pearson’s r between this item and the sum of the other three items in its facet. Low or negative r may warrant review. Below the value is a 95% confidence interval; if it overlaps 0.2 or the value before a change, the difference is uncertain. A dash means the correlation is unavailable or undefined.	Feedback
1△	为很多事情感到担心	Worry about things	Anxiety	1 → 5	3.25	0.710.54 to 0.82	Suggest a change
2	很容易交到朋友	Make friends easily	Friendliness	1 → 5	3.14	0.50.26 to 0.68	Suggest a change
3	有丰富的想象力	Have a vivid imagination	Imagination	1 → 5	3.82	0.550.32 to 0.72	Suggest a change
4	信任其他人	Trust others	Trust	1 → 5	3.2	0.570.35 to 0.73	Suggest a change
5△	能成功完成任务	Complete tasks successfully	Self-Efficacy	1 → 5	3.57	0.720.55 to 0.83	Suggest a change
6	很容易生气	Get angry easily	Anger	1 → 5	2.98	0.70.53 to 0.82	Suggest a change
7	喜欢参加大型聚会	Love large parties	Gregariousness	1 → 5	2.51	0.790.66 to 0.88	Suggest a change
8	认为艺术是很重要的	Believe in the importance of art	Artistic Interests	1 → 5	3.59	0.650.46 to 0.78	Suggest a change
9△	会利用他人来达成自己的目的	Use others for my own ends	Morality	Reversed	3.24	0.350.08 to 0.57	Suggest a change
10	喜欢整洁	Like to tidy up	Orderliness	1 → 5	3.65	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
11	时常感到忧郁	Often feel blue	Depression	1 → 5	3.12	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
12△	主动掌控局面	Take charge	Assertiveness	1 → 5	3.04	0.640.44 to 0.78	Suggest a change
13△	能强烈感受到自己的情绪	Experience my emotions intensely	Emotionality	1 → 5	4.02	0.560.34 to 0.72	Suggest a change
14	乐于帮助他人	Love to help others	Altruism	1 → 5	3.88	0.640.44 to 0.78	Suggest a change
15	信守承诺	Keep my promises	Dutifulness	1 → 5	4.08	0.490.25 to 0.67	Suggest a change
16	感觉自己很难接近别人	Find it difficult to approach others	Self-Consciousness	1 → 5	2.9	0.420.16 to 0.62	Suggest a change
17	总是很忙碌	Am always busy	Activity Level	1 → 5	3.14	0.470.22 to 0.66	Suggest a change
18	相比墨守成规,我更喜欢有变化。	Prefer variety to routine	Adventurousness	1 → 5	3.49	0.560.34 to 0.72	Suggest a change
19	喜欢和别人比试	Love a good fight	Cooperation	Reversed	3.22	0.360.09 to 0.58	Suggest a change
20△	工作努力	Work hard	Achievement-Striving	1 → 5	3.55	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
21△	大吃大喝寻欢作乐	Go on binges	Immoderation	1 → 5	2.67	0.17△-0.11 to 0.43	Suggest a change
22△	喜欢追求刺激	Love excitement	Excitement-Seeking	1 → 5	2.86	0.610.4 to 0.76	Suggest a change
23	喜欢阅读有挑战性的材料	Love to read challenging material	Intellect	1 → 5	3.1	0.540.31 to 0.71	Suggest a change
24△	相信自己比别人更好	Believe that I am better than others	Modesty	Reversed	2.94	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
25△	我总是有所准备	Am always prepared	Self-Discipline	1 → 5	3.02	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
26△	容易慌张	Panic easily	Vulnerability	1 → 5	3.39	0.690.51 to 0.81	Suggest a change
27	我的快乐会感染周围的人	Radiate joy	Cheerfulness	1 → 5	3.31	0.420.16 to 0.62	Suggest a change
28	认为自己在政治方面非常自由开放	View myself as predominantly liberal politically	Liberalism	1 → 5	3.04	0.350.08 to 0.57	Suggest a change
29△	同情流浪汉	Sympathize with the homeless	Sympathy	1 → 5	3.02	0.420.16 to 0.62	Suggest a change
30	会不经过思考就开始行动	Jump into things without thinking	Cautiousness	Reversed	3.43	0.810.69 to 0.89	Suggest a change
31	担心会发生最糟糕的情况	Fear for the worst	Anxiety	1 → 5	3.78	0.630.43 to 0.77	Suggest a change
32△	和其他人待在一起时,我觉得很自在	Feel comfortable around people	Friendliness	1 → 5	2.86	0.660.47 to 0.79	Suggest a change
33△	喜欢天马行空地幻想	Enjoy wild flights of fantasy	Imagination	1 → 5	3.75	0.640.44 to 0.78	Suggest a change
34	相信他人的出发点是好的	Believe that others have good intentions	Trust	1 → 5	3.12	0.540.31 to 0.71	Suggest a change
35△	在自己所从事的领域出类拔萃	Excel in what I do	Self-Efficacy	1 → 5	2.8	0.670.48 to 0.8	Suggest a change
36△	容易被激怒	Get irritated easily	Anger	1 → 5	2.73	0.840.73 to 0.91	Suggest a change
37	在聚会上,我会和很多不同的人交谈	Talk to a lot of different people at parties	Gregariousness	1 → 5	2.76	0.550.32 to 0.72	Suggest a change
38△	我能发现别人看不到的美	See beauty in things that others might not notice	Artistic Interests	1 → 5	3.47	0.380.12 to 0.59	Suggest a change
39	为了领先别人,我会采用作弊的方式	Cheat to get ahead	Morality	Reversed	4	0.550.32 to 0.72	Suggest a change
40	经常忘记把东西放回原处	Often forget to put things back in their proper place	Orderliness	Reversed	3.06	0.370.11 to 0.59	Suggest a change
41	不喜欢自己	Dislike myself	Depression	1 → 5	2.39	0.480.24 to 0.67	Suggest a change
42△	我会尝试去领导他人	Try to lead others	Assertiveness	1 → 5	2.8	0.650.46 to 0.78	Suggest a change
43	能感受到他人的情绪	Feel others' emotions	Emotionality	1 → 5	3.86	0.390.13 to 0.6	Suggest a change
44△	关心他人	Am concerned about others	Altruism	1 → 5	3.65	0.740.58 to 0.84	Suggest a change
45△	我会实话实说	Tell the truth	Dutifulness	1 → 5	3.55	0.320.05 to 0.55	Suggest a change
46	害怕引起他人的注意	Am afraid to draw attention to myself	Self-Consciousness	1 → 5	3.1	0.550.32 to 0.72	Suggest a change
47△	总是在奔波	Am always on the go	Activity Level	1 → 5	2.86	0.560.34 to 0.72	Suggest a change
48	我更喜欢做自己熟悉的事情	Prefer to stick with things that I know	Adventurousness	Reversed	2.14	0.340.07 to 0.56	Suggest a change
49	会冲人大喊大叫	Yell at people	Cooperation	Reversed	3.96	0.27-0.01 to 0.51	Suggest a change
50△	我会超出预期地完成任务或工作	Do more than what's expected of me	Achievement-Striving	1 → 5	2.84	0.680.5 to 0.8	Suggest a change
51	很少过度放纵自己	Rarely overindulge	Immoderation	Reversed	2.98	0.620.42 to 0.76	Suggest a change
52△	喜欢冒险	Seek adventure	Excitement-Seeking	1 → 5	2.96	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
53	会避免参与关于哲学的讨论	Avoid philosophical discussions	Intellect	Reversed	3.43	0.27-0.01 to 0.51	Suggest a change
54△	觉得自己很了不起	Think highly of myself	Modesty	Reversed	3.63	0.720.55 to 0.83	Suggest a change
55△	能执行自己制定的计划	Carry out my plans	Self-Discipline	1 → 5	2.96	0.520.29 to 0.7	Suggest a change
56△	感到被各种事情压得喘不过气来	Become overwhelmed by events	Vulnerability	1 → 5	2.82	0.540.31 to 0.71	Suggest a change
57△	我的生活很快乐	Have a lot of fun	Cheerfulness	1 → 5	3.31	0.740.58 to 0.84	Suggest a change
58△	相信没有绝对的对错之分	Believe that there is no absolute right and wrong	Liberalism	1 → 5	3.92	-0.03!-0.3 to 0.25	Suggest a change
59△	我同情那些处境不如自己的人	Feel sympathy for those who are worse off than myself	Sympathy	1 → 5	3.29	0.480.24 to 0.67	Suggest a change
60	会做出草率的决定	Make rash decisions	Cautiousness	Reversed	3.35	0.710.54 to 0.82	Suggest a change
61	对很多事情感到害怕	Am afraid of many things	Anxiety	1 → 5	3.04	0.790.66 to 0.88	Suggest a change
62	避免和他人接触	Avoid contacts with others	Friendliness	Reversed	3.35	0.60.39 to 0.75	Suggest a change
63	喜欢做白日梦	Love to daydream	Imagination	1 → 5	3.33	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
64	相信他人说的话	Trust what people say	Trust	1 → 5	3.06	0.520.29 to 0.7	Suggest a change
65△	能轻松完成任务	Handle tasks smoothly	Self-Efficacy	1 → 5	2.76	0.640.44 to 0.78	Suggest a change
66	发脾气	Lose my temper	Anger	1 → 5	2.76	0.760.61 to 0.86	Suggest a change
67	更喜欢一个人独处	Prefer to be alone	Gregariousness	Reversed	2.67	0.70.53 to 0.82	Suggest a change
68	不喜欢诗歌	Do not like poetry	Artistic Interests	Reversed	3.33	0.460.21 to 0.65	Suggest a change
69	占别人的便宜	Take advantage of others	Morality	Reversed	3.92	0.390.13 to 0.6	Suggest a change
70	我的房间很乱	Leave a mess in my room	Orderliness	Reversed	3.27	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
71	经常情绪低落	Am often down in the dumps	Depression	1 → 5	2.78	0.490.25 to 0.67	Suggest a change
72△	掌控局面	Take control of things	Assertiveness	1 → 5	2.84	0.720.55 to 0.83	Suggest a change
73	很少察觉到自己的情绪反应	Rarely notice my emotional reactions	Emotionality	Reversed	3.9	0.40.14 to 0.61	Suggest a change
74	对他人的感受漠不关心	Am indifferent to the feelings of others	Altruism	Reversed	3.86	0.610.4 to 0.76	Suggest a change
75△	破坏规则	Break rules	Dutifulness	Reversed	3.86	0.330.06 to 0.56	Suggest a change
76△	只有和朋友在一起的时候我才会感到自在	Only feel comfortable with friends	Self-Consciousness	1 → 5	3.02	-0.04!-0.31 to 0.24	Suggest a change
77△	我的闲暇时间非常充实	Do a lot in my spare time	Activity Level	1 → 5	2.84	0.22-0.06 to 0.47	Suggest a change
78	不喜欢改变	Dislike changes	Adventurousness	Reversed	3.24	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
79	侮辱他人	Insult people	Cooperation	Reversed	4.39	0.620.42 to 0.76	Suggest a change
80△	在工作或学习上,我不会多做,过得去就行	Do just enough work to get by	Achievement-Striving	Reversed	2.98	0.26-0.02 to 0.5	Suggest a change
81	能轻松抵御诱惑	Easily resist temptations	Immoderation	Reversed	3.18	0.480.24 to 0.67	Suggest a change
82△	喜欢不计后果地行事	Enjoy being reckless	Excitement-Seeking	1 → 5	2.2	0.420.16 to 0.62	Suggest a change
83△	理解抽象概念对我来说有些困难	Have difficulty understanding abstract ideas	Intellect	Reversed	3.2	0.380.12 to 0.59	Suggest a change
84	对自己的评价很高	Have a high opinion of myself	Modesty	Reversed	3.16	0.840.73 to 0.91	Suggest a change
85	浪费时间	Waste my time	Self-Discipline	Reversed	3.24	0.40.14 to 0.61	Suggest a change
86	感觉自己处理事情力不从心	Feel that I'm unable to deal with things	Vulnerability	1 → 5	2.94	0.690.51 to 0.81	Suggest a change
87	热爱生活	Love life	Cheerfulness	1 → 5	3.69	0.710.54 to 0.82	Suggest a change
88△	我在政治上比较保守	View myself as predominantly conservative politically	Liberalism	Reversed	2.98	0.27-0.01 to 0.51	Suggest a change
89△	对别人遇到的麻烦事不感兴趣	Am not interested in other people's problems	Sympathy	Reversed	3.14	0.17△-0.11 to 0.43	Suggest a change
90	仓促行事	Rush into things	Cautiousness	Reversed	3.37	0.720.55 to 0.83	Suggest a change
91	我很容易觉得压力大	Get stressed out easily	Anxiety	1 → 5	3.22	0.540.31 to 0.71	Suggest a change
92	和他人保持距离	Keep others at a distance	Friendliness	Reversed	2.65	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
93△	喜欢陷入沉思	Like to get lost in thought	Imagination	1 → 5	3.45	0.19△-0.09 to 0.44	Suggest a change
94	不相信别人	Distrust people	Trust	Reversed	2.98	0.440.19 to 0.64	Suggest a change
95△	知道如何完成任务	Know how to get things done	Self-Efficacy	1 → 5	3.24	0.650.46 to 0.78	Suggest a change
96	不会轻易被惹恼	Am not easily annoyed	Anger	Reversed	2.82	0.690.51 to 0.81	Suggest a change
97	避开人多的地方	Avoid crowds	Gregariousness	Reversed	2.78	0.690.51 to 0.81	Suggest a change
98△	不喜欢去美术馆	Do not enjoy going to art museums	Artistic Interests	Reversed	3.02	0.540.31 to 0.71	Suggest a change
99	给别人使坏	Obstruct others' plans	Morality	Reversed	4.24	0.560.34 to 0.72	Suggest a change
100	我的东西放得到处都是	Leave my belongings around	Orderliness	Reversed	3.29	0.790.66 to 0.88	Suggest a change
101△	对自己感到满意	Feel comfortable with myself	Depression	Reversed	2.84	0.50.26 to 0.68	Suggest a change
102	等着别人来带头	Wait for others to lead the way	Assertiveness	Reversed	2.82	0.590.38 to 0.74	Suggest a change
103△	不理解那些情绪化的人	Don't understand people who get emotional	Emotionality	Reversed	3.16	0.310.04 to 0.54	Suggest a change
104△	不愿为他人花费时间	Take no time for others	Altruism	Reversed	3.31	0.60.39 to 0.75	Suggest a change
105△	违背自己的承诺	Break my promises	Dutifulness	Reversed	3.84	0.25-0.03 to 0.49	Suggest a change
106	不会被复杂的社交情境所困扰	Am not bothered by difficult social situations	Self-Consciousness	Reversed	3.45	0.530.3 to 0.7	Suggest a change
107△	喜欢慢慢来	Like to take it easy	Activity Level	Reversed	2.63	0.19△-0.09 to 0.44	Suggest a change
108	我喜欢传统的方式	Am attached to conventional ways	Adventurousness	Reversed	3.04	0.460.21 to 0.65	Suggest a change
109△	报复别人	Get back at others	Cooperation	Reversed	4.14	0.560.34 to 0.72	Suggest a change
110	对工作或学业不怎么投入时间和精力	Put little time and effort into my work	Achievement-Striving	Reversed	3.55	0.670.48 to 0.8	Suggest a change
111	可以控制自己的欲望	Am able to control my cravings	Immoderation	Reversed	2.94	0.340.07 to 0.56	Suggest a change
112	我的行为狂放不羁	Act wild and crazy	Excitement-Seeking	1 → 5	2.08	0.620.42 to 0.76	Suggest a change
113△	对理论性的讨论不感兴趣	Am not interested in theoretical discussions	Intellect	Reversed	3.37	0.630.43 to 0.77	Suggest a change
114	吹嘘自己的美德	Boast about my virtues	Modesty	Reversed	3.98	0.720.55 to 0.83	Suggest a change
115△	拖很久才开始做一件事	Have difficulty starting tasks	Self-Discipline	Reversed	3.06	0.280 to 0.52	Suggest a change
116△	在压力下能保持冷静	Remain calm under pressure	Vulnerability	Reversed	2.88	0.610.4 to 0.76	Suggest a change
117	看到生活中好的一面	Look at the bright side of life	Cheerfulness	1 → 5	3.65	0.60.39 to 0.75	Suggest a change
118△	认为我们应该严惩犯罪	Believe that we should be tough on crime	Liberalism	Reversed	1.98	-0.16!-0.42 to 0.12	Suggest a change
119△	我尽量不去想那些需要帮助的人	Try not to think about the needy	Sympathy	Reversed	3.29	0.350.08 to 0.57	Suggest a change
120	做事不经过思考	Act without thinking	Cautiousness	Reversed	3.82	0.710.54 to 0.82	Suggest a change

△ Yellow: 0 ≤ r < 0.2! Red: r < 0

Below r is a 95% confidence interval. The fewer responses, the wider it is: at 50 responses it is about ±0.27.

△ in the first column marks statements with r below 0.2 or a difference from English of at least 0.4 (Difference or Beyond facet). The filter “Show highlighted statements only” lists them.

Statements taking the longest to answer

Click a statement to find it in the main table.

Mean response time
Statement	Seconds	n
在工作或学习上,我不会多做,过得去就行	6.19	51
我尽量不去想那些需要帮助的人	6.14	51
对别人遇到的麻烦事不感兴趣	5.92	51
对工作或学业不怎么投入时间和精力	5.73	51
不会被复杂的社交情境所困扰	4.98	51
经常忘记把东西放回原处	4.65	51
会利用他人来达成自己的目的	4.61	51
认为自己在政治方面非常自由开放	4.48	51

The first statement is excluded. Times above 30 seconds per item are capped at 30 seconds.

Compared with English

The eight largest differences beyond the facet. Click a statement to find it in the main table. All 120 are in the CSV file.

Click a numeric column to sort. Difference, Facet and Beyond facet sort by absolute size, bringing large negative and positive differences together.

Largest differences beyond the facet
	Statement	? Mean scored response, from 1 to 5. Reverse-keyed items are reversed before calculation.	? Mean scored response in the English analysis sample. These are separate responses, not paired responses from the same people in two languages.	? Mean minus English. Positive means a higher score in this language; negative means lower. Differences may reflect wording as well as sample composition.	? The difference between languages in the mean score per item across the whole four-item facet. Provides context for interpreting one item’s difference.	? Difference minus Facet. Example: 0.7 − 0.2 = 0.5. Shows how much the item differs beyond the facet’s mean difference; it does not prove a translation error.
58	相信没有绝对的对错之分	3.92	3.1	+0.82!	-0.01	+0.83!
24	相信自己比别人更好	2.94	3.41	-0.47△	+0.25	-0.72!
103	不理解那些情绪化的人	3.16	3.96	-0.81!	-0.1	-0.71!
22	喜欢追求刺激	2.86	4.12	-1.26!	-0.63!	-0.64!
56	感到被各种事情压得喘不过气来	2.82	3.26	-0.44△	+0.2	-0.64!
54	觉得自己很了不起	3.63	2.76	+0.87!	+0.25	+0.61!
55	能执行自己制定的计划	2.96	3.81	-0.85!	-0.25	-0.6!
75	破坏规则	3.86	3.56	+0.3	-0.23	+0.53△

△ Yellow: absolute differences from 0.4 to below 0.6! Red: absolute differences from 0.6

Colors are review cues, not thresholds for statistical significance.

“Difference” is Mean minus English. “Facet” is the difference between languages in the mean score per item for the whole facet. “Beyond facet” is Difference minus Facet. Differences may reflect wording, culture or who took the test. This is not a test of measurement invariance.

Change history

Every change to the wording is recorded here, with the reason. Each change creates a new text version, and the statistics above count only responses to the current version.

23 October 2026 · 1 change · 578151e07982 · current version
“Take charge” had become “take responsibility”.
Show changed wording
Changed wording
# Before After
12 承担责任主动掌控局面

Changed wording
#	Before	After
12	承担责任	主动掌控局面

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About: 简体中文 · IPIP-NEO-120

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How the statistics are calculated

Each day, up to 20,000 of the latest valid 120-item results across all languages are used. The sample is grouped by the actual question language. Only complete responses to the current translation and item bank are included. Totals above count all results on this version since collection began, including those outside the analysis sample.

Quality filters exclude development and test responses, very fast responses and responses with very little variation. Repeat attempts may be included. Visitors choose to take the test; this is not a representative population sample or language-specific norms.

Only aggregate statistics are published here. Individual responses and background details are not shown. Small samples give uncertain estimates; the thresholds of 30 and 50 are display thresholds, not validation of a translation.

Download

The aggregate numbers for all 120 statements, with item ID, text version, sample size and the comparison with English, can be downloaded for further study. The method description explains each column.

Download CSV (items.csv)Method description and column definitions (README.txt)

The files update with each daily calculation. Cite the calculation date and the version codes from the file when quoting the numbers.